Major American and British Financial Institutions with Historical Ties to Plantation Credit and Slave Collateral
American institutions
- JPMorgan Chase (predecessor banks)
- Wells Fargo (Wachovia and other predecessors)
- Bank of America (predecessor banks)
- U.S. Bancorp (predecessor banks)
- PNC Bank (predecessor banks)
- Citigroup (early New York merchant banking predecessors)
- New York Life Insurance Company
- Aetna Insurance
- Hartford Fire Insurance Company
- Brown Brothers Harriman (merchant banking predecessors)
- Bank of Louisiana
- Citizens’ Bank of Louisiana
- Canal Bank of New Orleans
- Bank of Charleston
- Georgia Railroad and Banking Company
British institutions
- Barclays
- Lloyds Banking Group
- NatWest Group (Royal Bank of Scotland)
- HSBC (via Midland Bank predecessors)
- Bank of England
- Standard Chartered (colonial-era predecessors)
- Arbuthnot Latham
- Baring Brothers
- Coutts
- Schroders
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